MySQL see all charsets

To see all charsets available on your MySQL installation, run the command

select * from information_schema.character_sets; 

maxlen column specifies how many bytes are required to store one character.

MariaDB [(none)]> select maxlen, character_set_name from information_schema.character_sets where character_set_name in('latin1', 'utf8', 'utf8mb4'); 
+--------+--------------------+
| maxlen | character_set_name |
+--------+--------------------+
|      1 | latin1             |
|      3 | utf8               |
|      4 | utf8mb4            |
+--------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 

latin1 charset uses 1 byte to store a character. uff8mb4 uses 4 bytes to store a character.

See MySQL