Category: Debian

Install ShadowSocks server on Debian 10

To install ShadowSocks server on Debian 10, run

apt install -y shadowsocks

Create config file

vi /etc/shadowsocks/config.json

Add following

{
    "server":"SERVER_IP",
    "server_port":8044,
    "local_port":0,
    "password":"PASSWOARD_HERE",
    "timeout":600,
    "method":"aes-256-cfb"
}

You can change server_port if required.

To enable service, run

systemctl enable shadowsocks-server@config

To start shadowsocks proxy, run

systemctl start shadowsocks-server@config

For status/restart

systemctl status shadowsocks-server@config
systemctl restart shadowsocks-server@config

August 25, 2019

Install RabbitMQ on Ubuntu/Debian

To install rabbitmq on Ubuntu/Debian, run

echo 'deb http://www.rabbitmq.com/debian/ testing main' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rabbitmq.list
wget -O- https://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -
apt update
apt install rabbitmq-server

To start RabbitMQ server, run

service rabbitmq-server start

July 14, 2019

How to upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10
To upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10, first make sure your system is up-to-date.
```
apt update && apt upgrade -y
```
Edit file /etc/apt/sources.list. Find all occurrences of “stretch” and replace it with “buster”.
```
sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
```
Or use following
```
deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian/ buster main non-free contrib

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
```
Now update the system
```
apt update && apt upgrade -y
```
run dist-upgrade
```
apt dist-upgrade -y
```
During the upgrade, you will be asked to replace some of the configuration files. If this is a fresh server, you can always replace these files with a newer version. If your server has these files modified, you should be careful as replacing these files will lose the changes you made.

Reboot the server.
```
reboot
```
After reboot, you can verify the server is running Debian 10 with commands
```
lsb_release -a
hostnamectl
```
June 22, 2019

Installing r1soft server backup agent on Debian/Ubuntu

To install r1soft server backup agent on Ubuntu/Debian, add repository

echo deb http://repo.r1soft.com/apt stable main >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget http://repo.r1soft.com/r1soft.asc
apt-key add r1soft.asc

Install agent

apt update
apt -y install serverbackup-enterprise-agent

Install kernal headers

apt install linux-headers-`uname -r`

Install kernal modules

serverbackup-setup --get-module

Verify backup agent works with

serverbackup-setup --test-connection

Start backup agent

/etc/init.d/cdp-agent restart

Now you can add the server to R1Soft Backup Manager.

June 19, 2019

Upgrade Debian 8 Jessie To Debian 9 Stretch
Upgrading server on a remote location is not safe unless you have KVM access. I did many Debian 8 to Debian 9 upgrade on remote server with out probem. On one server, network card name chaned from eth0 to new enp4s0 format. I had to access the server using KVM and fix network configuration by editing /etc/network/interfaces

First you need to upgrade all software on your server to latest Debian 8
```
apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt dist-upgrade -y
```
Now replace content of /etc/apt/sources.list file with following
```
vi /etc/apt/sources.list
```
Add
```
deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb-src http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non-free
```
Update the software again with
```
apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt dist-upgrade -y
```
It can take some time for the upgrade to finish. Once update complete, you can check with lsb_release -a command, you will see

Remove unused packages with command
```
apt autoremove -y
```
At this stage, server stil use old debian 8 kernal.
```
root@v2m2:~# uname -r
3.16.0-6-amd64
root@v2m2:~# 
```
To boot to new Debian 9 kernal, reboot the server with
```
reboot
```
After reboot, you will see new kernal.

Now Debian 10 is available. See How to upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10
May 23, 2019

Debian 8 jessie repo error

On a Debian 8 server, when running apt update, got following error

W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/main/source/Sources  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/non-free/source/Sources  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/contrib/source/Sources  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/main/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/non-free/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/contrib/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/non-free/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie/contrib/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/main/source/Sources  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/contrib/source/Sources  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/non-free/source/Sources  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/main/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/contrib/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/non-free/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/contrib/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
W: Failed to fetch http://mirror.com/debian/dists/jessie-updates/non-free/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.194.238.133 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

To fix it, run

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Add following content to the file

deb http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian/ jessie main
deb-src http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian/ jessie main
deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main
deb http://archive.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main
deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main

Create

vi /etc/apt/apt.conf

Add

Acquire::Check-Valid-Until "false";

April 23, 2019

apt – Problem unlinking the file auxfiles

When i get apt update on a Debian 9 server, i get following error

# apt update
Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org/debian stretch-updates InRelease [91.0 kB]
Hit:2 http://security.debian.org stretch/updates InRelease                                                                          
Hit:3 https://packages.sury.org/php stretch InRelease                              
Ign:4 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stable InRelease                             
Hit:5 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stable Release
Fetched 91.0 kB in 0s (165 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
W: Problem unlinking the file auxfiles - Clean (21: Is a directory)
#

The problem is fixed by deleting

rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/

December 21, 2018

Install PowerShell in Debian 9

To install Microsoft PowerShell in Debian 9, run

apt-get update
apt-get install curl gnupg apt-transport-https

Install GPG keys

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -

Add repository

echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/microsoft-debian-stretch-prod stretch main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft.list

Install powershell

apt-get update && apt-get install -y powershell

To start powershell, run

pwsh

December 10, 2018

apt-key

apt-key keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr

MySQL 8 apt Error The following signatures were invalid

December 1, 2018

apt-key keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr

When running apt-key command, i get following error.

root@ip-172-31-46-9:~# sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 9DA31620334BD75D9DCB49F368818C72E52529D4
Executing: /tmp/apt-key-gpghome.MYmMoDt7Sv/gpg.1.sh --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 9DA31620334BD75D9DCB49F368818C72E52529D4
gpg: failed to start the dirmngr '/usr/bin/dirmngr': No such file or directory
gpg: connecting dirmngr at '/run/user/0/gnupg/d.ar6ctd7ngpsiegqaseo7cgyr/S.dirmngr' failed: No such file or directory
gpg: keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr
root@ip-172-31-46-9:~#

To fix this, run

apt install dirmngr

December 1, 2018

Install MongoDB 4 on Debian 9

You can see detailed instruction on how to install on MongoDB web site.

First add key

apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 9DA31620334BD75D9DCB49F368818C72E52529D4

For Debian 8, run

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian jessie/mongodb-org/4.0 main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list

For Debian 9, run

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian stretch/mongodb-org/4.0 main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list

Now install mongoDB with

apt-get update
apt-get install -y mongodb-org

Once installed, you can check version with

root@ip-172-31-25-155:~# mongod --version
db version v4.0.4
git version: f288a3bdf201007f3693c58e140056adf8b04839
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.1.0f  25 May 2017
allocator: tcmalloc
modules: none
build environment:
    distmod: debian92
    distarch: x86_64
    target_arch: x86_64
root@ip-172-31-25-155:~#

Enable MongoDB start on boot

systemctl enable mongod

To start/stop mongodb

systemctl start mongod
systemctl stop mongod

November 30, 2018

Install OpenLiteSpeed on Ubuntu/Debian

OpenLiteSpeed ia an Open Source version of LiteSpeed Web Server.

To install OpenLiteSpeed, add repository by running

wget -O - http://rpms.litespeedtech.com/debian/enable_lst_debain_repo.sh | bash

Now you have openlitespeed packages available on your server. Here is packages available on a Debian 9 server.

To install OpenLiteSpeed, run

apt install -y openlitespeed

OpenLiteSpeed will be installed in folder

/usr/local/lsws

You can start/stop OpenLiteSpeed using command

root@ok:~# /usr/local/lsws/bin/lswsctrl
$Usage: /usr/local/lsws/bin/lswsctrl {start|stop|restart|reload|condrestrt|try-restart|status|help}

start       - start web server
stop        - stop web server
restart     - gracefully restart web server with zero down time
reload      - same as restart
condrestart - gracefully restart web server if server is running
try-restart - same as condrestart
status      - show service status
help        - this screen

root@ok:~#

Once installed, you will be able to login to WebAdmin at

https://YOUR_SERVER_IP_ADDR:7080
User = admin
Pass = 123456

You can change default admin passord by going to

Admin > WebAdmin Settings > General > Users

Click on edit icon right side of user “admin”.

You can also change OpenLiteSpeed Admin password by running following command as user root

/usr/local/lsws/admin/misc/admpass.sh

October 15, 2018