Category: Linux

  • transmission

    Install Transmission on CentOS
    Install Transmission torrent client on Ubuntu Server

    See torrent

  • Install Transmission on CentOS

    Install Transmission on CentOS

    transmission is a torrent client. This come with a web GUI, that make it easy to installed on a remote server with no X-Windows. To install transmission on CentOS server, run

    yum install -y transmission-daemon transmission-cli

    Allow Web Access

    To access transmission web GUI, you need to white list your IP address. To do this, first stop tranmission

    service transmission-daemon stop

    Edit file

    vi /var/lib/transmission/.config/transmission/settings.json

    Find

        "rpc-whitelist": "127.0.0.1",

    Replace with

        "rpc-whitelist": "127.0.0.1,YOUR_IP_ADDR_HERE",

    YOUR_IP_ADDR_HERE – replace with your actual IP address.

    Start transmission

    service transmission-daemon start

    You will be able to access web GUI at

    http://YOUR_SERVER_IP:9091

    Downloaded files are stored in folder

    /var/lib/transmission/Downloads

  • How to protect .git folder using htaccess

    GIT is popular version control software, this work like a time machine. You can easily get older versions of code. Each changes are stored as commit, so it work like a time machine for source code.

    If you put your .git folder in a publically accessable folder, others will be able to access your source code. It is better put this folder outside of DocumentRoot folder.

    If your .git folder is on public folder, then use following .htaccess code to block access to it.

    RedirectMatch 404 /\.git

    Method 2

    Create an .htaccess file inside .git folder with content

    deny from all

  • Redirect OLD site to NEW using htaccess

    To redirect old site to new url using .htacces, use following

    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^old-url.com$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.old-url.com$
RewriteRule (.*)$ http://www.new-url.com/$1 [R=301,L]

    Redirect with SSL verification

    RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^(.*) https://new-url.com%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,NC]
RewriteRule "(^|/)\.(?!well-known/)" - [F]

    See htaccess

  • vnc

    Install VNC server

    VNC Client

    Remote Desktop Setup

    sleep-monitor system is about to suspend

    See Remote Desktop

  • List kernel modules

    To list kernal modules, use

    lsmod

    Example

    boby@sok-01:~$ lsmod | grep rtl
rtl8xxxu              122880  0
mac80211              778240  2 ath9k_htc,rtl8xxxu
boby@sok-01:~$
  • Install mitmproxy on Ubuntu

    Install mitmproxy on Ubuntu

    mitmproxy is a man in the middle proxy server for debugging.

    mitmproxy

    To install mitmproxy on Ubuntu, run

    sudo apt install mitmproxy -y

    On Ubuntu 18.04, this is broken. To insall i created a virtualenv

    mkdir -p  ~/www/mitmproxy
cd ~/www/mitmproxy
virtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3 venv
source venv/bin/activate

    Install mitmproxy inside virtualenv with

    pip install mitmproxy

    To start, run

    mithproxy

    This will listen proxy on port 8080, you can verify with command

    netstat -lntp

    If you get error like

    boby@sok-01:~$ /home/boby/www/mitmproxy/venv/bin/mitmproxy
Error: mitmproxy requires a UTF console environment.
Set your LANG environment variable to something like en_US.UTF-8
boby@sok-01:~$

    Run

    export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
mitmproxy

    To configure in browser, you can use it as HTTP proxy. Here is how i configure it on Firefox FoxyProxy.

  • Logging Linux Commands for all users

    To log commands executed by users on Linux shell, edit file

    vi /etc/bash.bashrc

    Add

    export PROMPT_COMMAND='RETRN_VAL=$?;logger -p local6.debug "$(whoami) [$$]: $(history 1 | sed "s/^[ ]*[0-9]\+[ ]*//" ) [$RETRN_VAL]"'

    Create file

    vi  /etc/rsyslog.d/bash.conf

    Add

    local6.*    /var/log/commands.log

    Restart rsyslog

    systemctl restart rsyslog

    Now log off and login, you will be able to see all commends executed by users on bash shell in file /var/log/commands.log

    Log rotating

    edit

    vi /etc/logrotate.d/rsyslog

    Find

    /var/log/kern.log

    Add below

    /var/log/commands.log
  • How to upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10

    How to upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10

    To upgrade Debian 9 to Debian 10, first make sure your system is up-to-date.

    apt update && apt upgrade -y

    Edit file /etc/apt/sources.list. Find all occurrences of “stretch” and replace it with “buster”.

    sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

    Or use following

    deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian/ buster main non-free contrib

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free

    Now update the system

    apt update && apt upgrade -y

    run dist-upgrade

    apt dist-upgrade -y

    During the upgrade, you will be asked to replace some of the configuration files. If this is a fresh server, you can always replace these files with a newer version. If your server has these files modified, you should be careful as replacing these files will lose the changes you made.

    Debian 10 upgrade

    Reboot the server.

    reboot

    After reboot, you can verify the server is running Debian 10 with commands

    lsb_release -a
hostnamectl
    Debian 10

  • xinput

    xinput command on linux shows all available input devices.

    xinput

    Example

  • zip

    To install zip on Ubuntu/Debian, run

    apt install zip unzip -y

    To unzip a file, run

    unzip FILE_NAME.zip

    To unzip to specific directory, run

    unzip FILE_NAME.zip -d DIR_NAME

    Create a ZIP file

    To create a ZIP file, run

    zip -r FILE.zip FILE_OR_DIR

    Example

    root@server:~# zip -r 1.zip organicinstinct.sql 
  adding: organicinstinct.sql (deflated 85%)
root@server:~#

  • shell

    To find which shell you are using, run

    echo "$SHELL"

    Change Linux user shell

    zsh

    bash