To regenerate grub config on CentOS 7, run
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grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg |
If you use UEFI, run
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grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg |
yum reinstall a package
To reinstall a package with yum, run
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yum reinstall PKG_NAME |
Example
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yum reinstall kernel |
Install Nginx on CentOS 8
To install Nginx web server on CentOS 8, create repo
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vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo |
Add
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[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 |
Install nginx with dnf or yum
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dnf install nginx |
Open HTTP and HTTPS ports on firewall
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firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=https firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=ssh firewall-cmd --reload |
Install PHP 7.4 on CentOS 7
To install PHP 7.4 on CentOS 7, first install remi repository.
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yum install epel-release -y rpm -ivh https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm |
Set PHP 7.4 as default PHP
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yum install yum-utils yum-config-manager --enable remi-php74 |
Install PHP with
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yum install -y php php-bcmath php-cli php-common php-devel php-gd \ php-imap php-intl php-json php-ldap php-lz4 php-mbstring php-mysqlnd \ php-soap php-intl php-opcache php-xml php-pdo |
After installing check PHP version with php -v, you will see
At the time of installation, it is PHP version 7.4.0RC3, it will change as new 7.4 release become available.
Related Posts
Install PHP 7.3 in CentOS 8
CentOS 8 comes with PHP 7.2. To install PHP 7.3, you need to enable remi repo. You can download remi-release rpm file from
Download and install remi-release rpm
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cd ; wget http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm dnf install remi-release-8.rpm |
if you have older php version and don’t want to keep it, uninstall it with
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dnf remove php-gd php-xml php-mbstring php-common php php-odbc php-mysqlnd php-json php-process php-cli php-fpm php-intl php-bcmath php-soap php-pdo |
Install PHP 7.3
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dnf install php73 |
Set it as default PHP version
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update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/php php /usr/bin/php73 1 |
Install PHP modules
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dnf install -y php73-php php73-php-gd php73-php-fpm php73-php-pdo php73-php-xml php73-php-json php73-php-imap php73-php-intl php73-php-json php73-php-soap php73-php-bcmath php73-php-xmlrpc php73-php-mysqlnd php73-php-mbstring php73-php-zip |
Install php-fpm package
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dnf install php73-php-fpm |
set php-fpm to start on boot
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systemctl enable php73-php-fpm |
Start php-fpm
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systemctl start php73-php-fpm |
Restart Apache
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systemctl restart httpd |
PHP 7.3 php.ini located at
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/etc/opt/remi/php73/php.ini |
Module directory for PHP 7.3 at
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/opt/remi/php73/root/usr/lib64/php/modules/ |
Related Posts
Install Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) Stack on CentOS 8
First disable SELinux by editing file
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vi /etc/selinux/config |
Find
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SELINUX=enforcing |
Replace with
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SELINUX=disabled |
Now restart the server.
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reboot |
Verify SELinux is disabled by running “sestatus” command. It should show disabled.
Install basic tools
Lets start by installing some basic tools like whois, curl, git etc..
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dnf -y install wget curl telnet bind-utils net-tools git |
Configure Firewall
On CentOS 8 by default only port 22 (SSH) is open to public. To run a web server, you need to open ports 80 and 443.
Run following command to open ports in firewall
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firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=http firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=https firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=ssh firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=25/tcp firewall-cmd --reload |
Install Apache
To install Apache, run
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dnf -y install httpd |
Enable Apache to start on boot by running
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systemctl start httpd |
Verify Apache is running with command
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netstat -lntp | grep 80 |
If Apache is running, you will see something like
If all works good, you should be able to access your web server by opening your server IP in a web browser.
Install PHP
CentOS 8 comes with PHP 7.2
To install PHP, run
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dnf -y install php php-cli php-xml php-json php-intl php-odbc php-pdo php-soap php-mysqlnd php-process php-bcmath php-gd php-mbstring |
Install php-fpm
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dnf -y install php-fpm |
Enable php-fpm start on boot
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systemctl enable php-fpm |
Start php-fpm with
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systemctl start php-fpm |
php-fpm pool config files are located in folder /etc/php-fpm.d. php-fpm listens on socket at /run/php-fpm/www.sock
php-fpm package comes with Apache config file, it get placed on /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf. Restart apache to get php-fpm activated.
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systemctl restart httpd |
Now create a file
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vi /var/www/html/1.php |
with content
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<?php phpinfo(); |
You should be able to access phpinfo page on URL
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http://YOUR-SERVER-IP/1.php |
php.ini file located in /etc/php.ini, you need to restart php-fpm service if you edit this file.
Install MySQL
We will install MariaDB, it is an open source drop in replacement for MySQL, created by creator of MySQL. To install MariaDB, run
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dnf install mariadb-server |
Enable MariaDB to start on boot
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systemctl enable mariadb |
Start MariaDB
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systemctl start mariadb |
CentOS 8 come with MariaDB 10.3. By default there is no root PW set, So you can connect to MySQL with command “mysql”.
To create a database, use
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create database DB_NAME_HERE; |
To create a user, run
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grant all on DB_NAME_HERE.* to 'USER_NAME'@'localhost' identified by 'PASSWORD_HERE'; |
Now you have Apache, PHP, MySQL ready to use. Upload your web application to /var/www/html folder using SFTP.
See CentOS 8
Creating CentOS 8 Virtual Machine with Vagrant
Create a directory for Vagrant project
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mkdir -p ~/vagrant/centos8 cd ~/vagrant/centos8 vagrant init generic/centos8 |
This will create a file with name “Vagrantfile” on current folder. To start the CentOS 8 VM, run
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vagrant up |
To SSH into CentOS 8 virtual machine
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vagrant ssh |
CentOS 8 disable Activate the web console message
When login to CentOS 8 using SSH, you get message asking you to enable web console.
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Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket |
To disable this message, delete file
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rm -f /etc/motd.d/cockpit |
This is actually a symlink to file /run/cockpit/motd
See CentOS 8
dnf – Package manager for CentOS/RHEL 8
dnf is package manager for RHEL/CentOS 8. This is improved version of yum.
To search for a package, use
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dnf search PACKAGE_NAME |
To install a package, use
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dnf install PACKAGE_NAME |
Install CentOS 8 from Net boot ISO
CentOS 8 provide 2 type of ISO. One that ends with boot.iso, this is 534 MB. This only include essential files to get you started with installation. This installation method require internet connection as files needed to be downloaded from internet. Other ISO file is full install media, that is 6.6 GB in size. To install from boot.iso, download it from
http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/8/isos/x86_64/
This page will list morrors near to you.
Click on any of the morror from link, on next page, you will see ISO files. Download CentOS-8-x86_64-xxxx-boot.iso
Write this ISO file into a USB drive or DVD, then boot your computer with it. You will see following screen.
Select first or second option. 2nd option test install media for any errors. If you use USB drive, you can just select option 1 as there is less chance of media corruption compared to DVD drives.
Select language, click continue.
On this screen, you need to make several choices.
Installation Destination
Select the hard disk where you need CentOS 8 installed.
If you have an empty disk, all you need to do is click “Done”.
If your disk have existing partitions, you may need to delete it before insalling CentOS 8. If you have any data on this hard disk, always take a backup before you installing new OS.
Network & Host Name
You need to configure your network. Most of the time all you need to do is click on ON/OFF toggle on right side of the network interface.
If you have DHCP on your network, you will see IP address assigned to your computer. If not, you need to manually configure networking. It is important as you will need internet to do CentOS 8 install using boot ISO file. Click Done to go back to previous screen.
Installation Source
On this page, you need to enter a CentOS mirror. You can use following URL
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http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/ |
It is better to use a CentOS mirror near to you. This will make file downloads faster. In my case, i used
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http://centos.mirrors.estointernet.in/8.0.1905/BaseOS/x86_64/os/ |
There is option to select mirror near you on this screen. But for some reason, this option did not work for me.
Software Slection
On this screen, you need to select software to install.
You can select if you need to install GUI or just minimal CentOS install. I selected minimal install as everything else can be installed later as needed.
Click “Done”, will take you to previous screen. Now you will see “Begin Installation” button enabled. Click on it to continue installation.
On next screen, you get option to set password. Set password for user root. You can also create a new user if required.
Installation take 15 to 30 minutes depending on your download speed. Once installation completed, you will be asked to reboot.
CentOS 8 use Kernel 4.18
|
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[root@192 ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: localhost.localdomain Transient hostname: 192.168.1.5 Icon name: computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: 7ad955dffb89464a96918974be28795b Boot ID: 77cd4c012cbe4b6f9c33ab7dae5ecc33 Virtualization: oracle Operating System: CentOS Linux 8 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8 Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-80.7.1.el8_0.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64 [root@192 ~]# |