Category: Linux

To kill a process, run

kill -9 PID

To kill a process by its name, run

pkill -9 -f '/x86_64\.uhavenobotsxd'

To find cpu temperature on Linux, run

cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*/temp

You can also use sensors command, to install, use

apt install lm-sensors -y

To find cpu frequency, run

lscpu | grep "MHz"

To monitor CPU frequency, run

watch -n1 "cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'MHz' | head -n16"

When migrating a website, transferring files from the source server to the destination server is a key step. If you have SSH access, you can use commands like rsync, scp, or FTP to move the files efficiently.

However, without SSH access, the process becomes more tedious. You’d need to download the files to your local computer first and then upload them to the new server. This method not only consumes time but also uses up bandwidth, which can be a significant drawback, particularly for large files or slower internet connections.

This PHP script simplifies the process by allowing you to transfer files directly from the source server to the destination server without needing intermediate downloads. Using PHP’s cURL functions, you can download backups from the source server to the destination server, saving both time and bandwidth.

<?php
# Author: ServerOK
# Web: https://serverok.in/server-to-server-file-transfer-with-php-script

# URL of the file to be downloaded
$source_url = 'https://example.com/backup.zip';

$filename = basename(parse_url($source_url, PHP_URL_PATH));
$destination_path = __DIR__ . '/' . $filename;
set_time_limit(0);

function download($source, $destination) {
    $ch = curl_init($source);
    $fp = fopen($destination, 'w+');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_BUFFERSIZE, 4096);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36');
    $success = curl_exec($ch);
    if ($success === false) {
        echo 'cURL Error: ' . curl_error($ch);
        return false;
    }
    curl_close($ch);
    fclose($fp);
    return true;
}

$success = download($source_url, $destination_path);

if ($success) {
    echo '<p style="color: green; font-weight: bold; font-size: 16px;">File transferred successfully to ' . htmlspecialchars($destination_path) . '</p>';
} else {
    echo '<p style="color: red; font-weight: bold; font-size: 16px;">File transfer failed</p>';
}

How to Use the Script

1) Create a Backup on the Source Server

Log in to your source server’s control panel and create a compressed archive (zip or tar.gz) of your website’s document root, usually “public_html” or “httpdocs”, depending on your server setup. Move this file to the document root so that it can be accessed via a URL, like:

https://example.com/backup.zip

2) Prepare the Destination Server

Log in to your destination server and create a file named download.php. Paste the PHP code above into the file. In the script, locate the line:

$source_url = 'https://example.com/backup.zip';

Replace the URL with the link to your backup file.

3) Run the PHP Script on the Destination Server

Run the script on your destination server to download the backup file and store it in the same folder as the script. Make sure you perform this step while the domain still points to the source server. If the domain is already pointed to the new server, the download link will no longer work.

To run the download.php script without changing the nameservers or DNS, you need to modify your computer’s hosts file and add an entry for the domain so your computer will see the site from the new server without DNS change.

NEW-SERVER-IP-HERE yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com

After editing the hosts file, restart your browser to view the site from the new server. For more details, refer to Preview Website Before Nameserver Change.

Once the file is downloaded to the destination server, you can extract it using the hosting control panel or a PHP exec script. Move the extracted files to the correct directory to make the site work.

If your site uses a MySQL database, you’ll also need to download a database backup from the source server and restore it on the destination server. For large databases, phpMyAdmin may fail to restore properly. You can find a PHP script which help restore database backup using PHP script at How to Restore Large Database with PHP Script

Restoring a large MySQL database can sometimes be a daunting task, especially when using phpMyAdmin, which may fail due to size limitations or timeouts. In such cases, utilizing SSH/Terminal is often the go-to solution. However, if you lack SSH access, you can still restore your database using a simple PHP script.

Create a PHP Script

Create a new PHP file, for example, restore.php, and add the following code:

<?php
# Author: ServerOK
# Web: https://serverok.in

$mysqlDatabase = 'MYSQL_DB_NAME';
$mysqlUser = 'MYSQL_USER';
$mysqlPassword = 'MYSQL_PW';
$backupFile = 'BACKUP_FILE.sql';

// Increase execution time limits
ini_set('max_execution_time', 0);
set_time_limit(0);
ini_set('mysql.connect_timeout', 0);
ini_set('default_socket_timeout', 0);

$sqlCmd = "mysql -u $mysqlUser -p'$mysqlPassword' $mysqlDatabase < $backupFile";

exec($sqlCmd . " 2>&1", $output, $returnValue);

if ($returnValue == 0) {
    echo "<h1 style='color:green'>Database restored successfully.</h1>";
} else {
    echo "<h2 style='color:red'>ERROR: Database restore failed.</h2>";
    echo "cd " . __DIR__ . "<br>";
    echo "$sqlCmd<br>";
    echo "<pre>";
    print_r($output);
    var_dump($returnValue);
}

Replace Placeholder Values

In the script above, replace the following placeholders with your actual values:

MYSQL_DB_NAME: The name of the database you want to restore.
MYSQL_USER: Your MySQL username.
MYSQL_PW: Your MySQL password.
BACKUP_FILE.sql: The name of your backup file.

Upload the Backup File

Upload your .sql backup file to your server’s document root folder. This is typically the same location where your restore.php script will reside. You can use FTP or File Manager to do it.

On cPanel server, the directory name is public_html, for Plesk, it is httpdocs. If you use another control panel, check with the control panel documentation.

Execute the Script

Now, navigate to your script in a web browser by entering the following URL:

http://yourdomain.com/restore.php

Delete Restore Script

After the restoration process, ensure you delete restore.php and the MySQL backup (.sql) file from your server to prevent any unauthorized access.

Back MySQL Restore

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https://github.com/thingsboard/thingsboard