Category: Linux – Page 2

cagefs

August 27, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

CageFS Installation

mkdir /home/cagefs-skeleton
ln -s /home/cagefs-skeleton /usr/share/cagefs-skeleton
yum install cagefs
/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --init

mkdir /home/cagefs-skeleton

ln -s /home/cagefs-skeleton /usr/share/cagefs-skeleton

yum install cagefs

/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --init

Go to

cPanel WHM WHM -> Server Configuration -> Basic cPanel/WHM Setup -> Basic Config -> Additional home directories

1	cPanel WHM WHM -> Server Configuration -> Basic cPanel/WHM Setup -> Basic Config -> Additional home directories

Change the value to blank (not default “home”). Without changing this option, cPanel will create new accounts in incorrect places.

On saving, you get

Modifying “Home Directory Prefix” from “home” to “”.

1	Modifying “Home Directory Prefix” from “home” to “”.

Enable CageFS

/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --enable-all

1	/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --enable-all

Manage CageFS

/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --list-enabled
/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --list-disabled
/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --display-user-mode

/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --list-enabled

/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --list-disabled

/usr/sbin/cagefsctl --display-user-mode

Updating Software

After php.ini or software change, run

cagefsctl --update

1	cagefsctl --update

Or if you have recently updated, run

cagefsctl --force-update

1	cagefsctl --force-update

Allow Software in CageFS

To allow ffmpeg, mplayer, etc.. create file

vi /etc/cagefs/conf.d/vshare.cfg

1	vi /etc/cagefs/conf.d/vshare.cfg

Add

[vshare]
comment=vShare Youtube Clone Requirements
paths=/usr/bin/ffmpeg, /usr/bin/mencoder, /usr/bin/mplayer, /usr/bin/flvtool2, /usr/bin/lame, /usr/bin/yamdi, /usr/bin/qt-faststart

[vshare]

comment=vShare Youtube Clone Requirements

paths=/usr/bin/ffmpeg, /usr/bin/mencoder, /usr/bin/mplayer, /usr/bin/flvtool2, /usr/bin/lame, /usr/bin/yamdi, /usr/bin/qt-faststart

vi /etc/cagefs/conf.d/git.cfg

1	vi /etc/cagefs/conf.d/git.cfg

Add

[git] 
comment=Git tools 
paths=/usr/bin/git,/usr/share/git-core,/usr/bin/git-receive-pack,/usr/bin/git-upload-pack,/usr/bin/git-pull,/usr/bin/git,/usr/bin/git-cvsserver,/usr/bin/git-upload-archive,/usr/bin/gitk,/usr/bin/git-shell, /usr/libexec/git-core/

[git]

comment=Git tools

paths=/usr/bin/git,/usr/share/git-core,/usr/bin/git-receive-pack,/usr/bin/git-upload-pack,/usr/bin/git-pull,/usr/bin/git,/usr/bin/git-cvsserver,/usr/bin/git-upload-archive,/usr/bin/gitk,/usr/bin/git-shell, /usr/libexec/git-core/

See cloudlinux

blkid

August 27, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

To list UUID for all your storage devices, run ”’blkid -c /dev/null”’

blkid - locate/print block device attributes

1	blkid - locate/print block device attributes

Example

boby@bizhat ~ $ sudo blkid -c /dev/null
[sudo] password for boby: 
/dev/sda1: UUID="c17be3a7-dd65-448a-8930-b9d0369c6575" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/sda2: UUID="c72e257f-b210-4f81-b1de-e5130d61454e" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/sda3: UUID="ab289ee4-fa14-4da0-af60-a9c4360327b2" TYPE="swap" 
/dev/sda5: UUID="b1ebdc91-64a8-46b0-a9ee-8e71c659bba0" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/sda8: LABEL="Drive J" UUID="01CE4B5BC914BE10" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sdb1: UUID="67fd4ee7-1123-433c-aab4-ed877051976d" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/sdb5: UUID="28f4e904-ecfa-4a9f-b632-60c58c826cfc" TYPE="swap" 
/dev/sdb6: UUID="19ca47a8-d894-44ff-a7af-77fa16635e98" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/sdc1: LABEL="Drive E" UUID="709409F99409C298" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sdc2: LABEL="Drive C" UUID="BC108B2C108AECA8" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sdc5: LABEL="Drive D" UUID="2ED4A94DD4A917DB" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sdc6: LABEL="New Volume" UUID="FEA6945FA69419EB" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sdc7: LABEL="Drive G" UUID="A4A08A44A08A1CC4" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sr1: LABEL="Idea Net Setter" TYPE="iso9660" 
boby@bizhat ~ $

boby@bizhat ~ $ sudo blkid -c /dev/null

[sudo] password for boby:

/dev/sda1: UUID="c17be3a7-dd65-448a-8930-b9d0369c6575" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sda2: UUID="c72e257f-b210-4f81-b1de-e5130d61454e" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sda3: UUID="ab289ee4-fa14-4da0-af60-a9c4360327b2" TYPE="swap"

/dev/sda5: UUID="b1ebdc91-64a8-46b0-a9ee-8e71c659bba0" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sda8: LABEL="Drive J" UUID="01CE4B5BC914BE10" TYPE="ntfs"

/dev/sdb1: UUID="67fd4ee7-1123-433c-aab4-ed877051976d" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sdb5: UUID="28f4e904-ecfa-4a9f-b632-60c58c826cfc" TYPE="swap"

/dev/sdb6: UUID="19ca47a8-d894-44ff-a7af-77fa16635e98" TYPE="ext4"

/dev/sdc1: LABEL="Drive E" UUID="709409F99409C298" TYPE="ntfs"

/dev/sdc2: LABEL="Drive C" UUID="BC108B2C108AECA8" TYPE="ntfs"

/dev/sdc5: LABEL="Drive D" UUID="2ED4A94DD4A917DB" TYPE="ntfs"

/dev/sdc6: LABEL="New Volume" UUID="FEA6945FA69419EB" TYPE="ntfs"

/dev/sdc7: LABEL="Drive G" UUID="A4A08A44A08A1CC4" TYPE="ntfs"

/dev/sr1: LABEL="Idea Net Setter" TYPE="iso9660"

boby@bizhat ~ $

To mount /dev/sda5, i added following to /etc/fstab

UUID=b1ebdc91-64a8-46b0-a9ee-8e71c659bba0 /home/boby/store ext4  defaults  0 2

1	UUID=b1ebdc91-64a8-46b0-a9ee-8e71c659bba0 /home/boby/store ext4 defaults 0 2

It is same as

/dev/sda5 /home/boby/store ext4  defaults  0 2

1	/dev/sda5 /home/boby/store ext4 defaults 0 2

Linux Commands > hdd

atop

August 27, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

The program atop is an interactive monitor to view the load on a Linux system.

To install on Ubuntu/Debian

apt-get install atop

1	apt-get install atop

On CentOS/RHEL

yum install atop

1	yum install atop

On CentOS, you will need epel repo enabled.

Install nslookup on ArchLinux

August 20, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

To install nslookup on ArchLinux, run

pacman -S dnsutils

1	pacman -S dnsutils

Configure OVH Bridge Network from command line

August 18, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

If you have a Proxmox or VmWare ESXi server on OVH network, you need to configure network interface once virtual machine is created.

First login to OVH, go to IP page. Find the IP address you need to assign to this new VM, create a Virtual MAC. OVH allow 2 type of MAC. If you are using Proxmox, use OVH Mac. For VMWare ESXi, use vmware vmac.

Once you have Virual Mac. you need to configure it in your VM network interface settings. For Vmware ESXi

Now login to Virtial Machine, run following commands

ip link set NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE up
ip addr add FO_IP_HERE dev NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE
ip route add GW_IP_HERE dev NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE
ip route add default via GW_IP_HERE dev NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE

ip link set NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE up

ip addr add FO_IP_HERE dev NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE

ip route add GW_IP_HERE dev NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE

ip route add default via GW_IP_HERE dev NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE

In above, replace

NETWORK_INTERFACE_HERE = name of your network interface. This can be found with command “ip link”. Normally it is eth0 or ensXXX.

FO_IP_HERE = this is the Failover IP you will be using for this Virtual Machine.

GW_IP_HERE = This is gateway IP. For OVH network, it will be your servers MAIN IP address with last number replaced with 254.

Here is an actial example.

ip link set ens192 up
ip addr add 178.33.35.183 dev ens192
ip route add 149.202.199.254 dev ens192
ip route add default via 149.202.199.254 dev ens192

ip link set ens192 up

ip addr add 178.33.35.183 dev ens192

ip route add 149.202.199.254 dev ens192

ip route add default via 149.202.199.254 dev ens192

This settings will be lost when you reboot OS. For configuring network interface permanantly, you can do

Install iperf3 on ArchLinux

August 17, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

To install iperf3 on ArchLinux, run

pacman -S iperf3

1	pacman -S iperf3

To do speed test

[root@tvmovies1 ~]# iperf3 -c ping.online.net -p 5209
Connecting to host ping.online.net, port 5209
[  5] local 163.172.50.206 port 50430 connected to 62.210.18.40 port 5209
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   282 MBytes  2.36 Gbits/sec    0    720 KBytes       
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   280 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec    0    755 KBytes       
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.36 Gbits/sec   11    755 KBytes       
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   280 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec    0    758 KBytes       
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.36 Gbits/sec    0    758 KBytes       
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   256 MBytes  2.15 Gbits/sec  1507   42.4 KBytes       
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   115 MBytes   965 Mbits/sec  6917    130 KBytes       
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   114 MBytes   954 Mbits/sec  6643   48.1 KBytes       
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   114 MBytes   954 Mbits/sec  6749    119 KBytes       
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec  6923   38.2 KBytes       
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  2.07 GBytes  1.77 Gbits/sec  28750             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  2.06 GBytes  1.77 Gbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.
[root@tvmovies1 ~]#

[root@tvmovies1 ~]# iperf3 -c ping.online.net -p 5209

Connecting to host ping.online.net, port 5209

[ 5] local 163.172.50.206 port 50430 connected to 62.210.18.40 port 5209

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd

[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 282 MBytes 2.36 Gbits/sec 0 720 KBytes

[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 280 MBytes 2.35 Gbits/sec 0 755 KBytes

[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 281 MBytes 2.36 Gbits/sec 11 755 KBytes

[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 280 MBytes 2.35 Gbits/sec 0 758 KBytes

[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 281 MBytes 2.36 Gbits/sec 0 758 KBytes

[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 256 MBytes 2.15 Gbits/sec 1507 42.4 KBytes

[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 115 MBytes 965 Mbits/sec 6917 130 KBytes

[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 114 MBytes 954 Mbits/sec 6643 48.1 KBytes

[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 114 MBytes 954 Mbits/sec 6749 119 KBytes

[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 112 MBytes 944 Mbits/sec 6923 38.2 KBytes

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr

[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 2.07 GBytes 1.77 Gbits/sec 28750 sender

[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 2.06 GBytes 1.77 Gbits/sec receiver

iperf Done.

[root@tvmovies1 ~]#

Here we do speed test with http://ping.online.net, they run iperf3 server on port 5209

Install netdata on ArchLinux

August 17, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

First update the packages with

pacman -Syu

1	pacman -Syu

Install netdata

pacman -S netdata

1	pacman -S netdata

Enable and start netdata

systemctl enable netdata
systemctl start netdata

1 2	systemctl enable netdata systemctl start netdata

nmtui

August 16, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

nmtui allow you to configure network interface if you are using network manager.

On Debian/Ubuntu, it is part of network-manager package

apt install network-manager

1	apt install network-manager

ping: unknown host localhost

August 10, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

On a server, ping localhost did not work

root@cloud1:~# ping localhost
ping: unknown host localhost
root@cloud1:~#

root@cloud1:~# ping localhost

ping: unknown host localhost

root@cloud1:~#

/etc/hosts files was proper, had entry for localhost.

root@cloud1:~# cat /etc/hosts | grep localhost
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
root@cloud1:~#

root@cloud1:~# cat /etc/hosts | grep localhost

127.0.0.1 localhost

::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback

root@cloud1:~#

problem was due to /etc/nsswitch.conf file missing in the server. To fix create file

vi /etc/nsswitch.conf

1	vi /etc/nsswitch.conf

Add

# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.

passwd:         compat systemd
group:          compat systemd
shadow:         compat
gshadow:        files

hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns myhostname
networks:       files

protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files

netgroup:       nis

# /etc/nsswitch.conf

# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.

# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:

# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.

passwd: compat systemd

group: compat systemd

shadow: compat

gshadow: files

hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns myhostname

networks: files

protocols: db files

services: db files

ethers: db files

rpc: db files

netgroup: nis

Set permission for the file

chmod 644 /etc/nsswitch.conf

1	chmod 644 /etc/nsswitch.conf

Start MongoDB from command line

August 9, 2019

by ServerOk with No Comment Linux

To start MongoDB from command line, run

mongod --auth --dbpath /path/to/mongodb

1	mongod --auth --dbpath /path/to/mongodb

See MongoDB

ServerOK

Posts in category: Linux

cagefs

blkid

atop

Install nslookup on ArchLinux

Configure OVH Bridge Network from command line

Install iperf3 on ArchLinux

Install netdata on ArchLinux

nmtui

ping: unknown host localhost

Start MongoDB from command line