You have access to a virtual machine, you need to find out what virtualization technology it uses, you can install virt-what
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apt instal virt-what |
Then run virt-what command, it will show what virtualization technology you are using.
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root@mysql-1:~# virt-what lxc root@mysql-1:~# |
Another way to find is using the command. If you use LXD container, you will see the following files/directories. […]
To check if you are inside a docker container, run the command
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cat /proc/1/cgroup | grep --color docker |
If you get some result with docker in it, you are inside a docker container. Example See Docker […]
Dark Web Websites are sites that can only be accessed using tor. Tor websites using domains name with .onion extension (LTD). Tor uses multiple servers to anonymize traffic, so no one will be able to find a visitor’s IP address or where a website is hosted. Onion websites are referred to as hidden services as […]
ModSecurity is a Web Application Firewall that protects your website from hacking attacks. It is Open Source and free to use. It can be used with webservers like Apache, Nginx, and IIS. To install ModSecurity with Nginx, we need to compile the ModSecurity Nginx module and activate it in the Nginx configuration file. Install the […]
There are 3 ways to whitelist an IP address in ConfigServer Security & Firewall (csf). Whitelisting an IP address will allow the IP address to access all ports on the server including any closed ports. For example, you can block SSH port 22 on the server. Then add your IP address to the whitelist, now […]
To install Caddy Webserver on CentOS 7, run
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yum install yum-plugin-copr yum copr enable @caddy/caddy yum install caddy |
Enable caddy start on boot
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systemctl enable caddy |
To start caddy, run
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systemctl start caddy |
Caddy configuration file available at
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/etc/caddy/Caddyfile |
See Caddy […]
On a CloudLinux Server, websites stopped working with the error message “Service Unavailable”. On checking error_log in /usr/local/apache/logs, found following error message
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[Fri Jul 09 15:32:37.884950 2021] [lsapi:error] [pid 1639593:tid 47853204383488] [client 207.46.13.54:46915] mod_lsapi: [host ronnie.serverok.in] [req GET / HTTP/1.1] Connect to backend failed: connect to lsphp failed: 110 |
The problem was due to the server got booted using the default CentOS kernel instead of CloudLinux Kernel.
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[root@server ~]# uname -a Linux server.serverok.in 3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu May 27 10:10:44 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@server ~]# |
If you were using Cloudlinux kernel, “uname -a” command will show kernel with […]
On CentOS 7 server running MySQL 5.7, when trying to reset MySQL root password, I get an error
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[root@SAU-8E161-OR ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables -bash: mysqld_safe: command not found [root@SAU-8E161-OR ~]# |
This is because MySQL 5.7 installation using yum removed the mysqld_safe binary file. To reset, you need to start MySQL using systemctl with skip-grant-tables options. So you don’t need mysqld_safe. To see how to reset MySQL […]
To reset MySQL 5.7 root password on CentOS 7 server, do the following Stop MySQL Server
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systemctl stop mysqld |
Set the MySQL MYSQLD_OPTS environment to start MySQL with –skip-grant-tables
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systemctl set-environment MYSQLD_OPTS="--skip-grant-tables" |
Start MySQL with –skip-grant-tables
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systemctl start mysqld |
Login as user root
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mysql -u root |
Update MySQL root password
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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEW_MYSQL_PASSWORD_HERE'; |
Or
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UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string = PASSWORD('NEW_MYSQL_PASSWORD_HERE') WHERE User = 'root' AND Host = 'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; |
Exit MySQL command prompt
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quit |
Stop MySQL server
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systemctl stop mysqld |
Unset […]
When I try to connect to a MySQL 8 server, I get the following error
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root@ok:~# mysql -u serverok -p'PW_HERE' -h db-mysqlserverok.in -P 3306 ERROR 1045 (28000): Plugin caching_sha2_password could not be loaded: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mariadb19/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory root@ok:~# |
This is because of MySQL 8 use more secure authentication. This is not supported by your MySQL installation. What you can do is connect using MySQL 8 client or change the authentication method to use old authentication. To create […]