Category: Ubuntu

Install ionCube on Ubuntu 18.04

Download ioncube loader from

https://www.ioncube.com/loaders.php

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://downloads.ioncube.com/loader_downloads/ioncube_loaders_lin_x86-64.tar.gz
tar xvf ioncube_loaders_lin_x86-64.tar.gz
cd ioncube/

Find extension diretcory and copy .so file to php extension diretcory. To find php extension directory run

php -i | grep  extension_dir

For PHP 7.2, run

cp /usr/local/src/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_7.2.so /usr/lib/php/20170718

Enable ioncube

echo "zend_extension=ioncube_loader_lin_7.2.so" > /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/ioncube.ini
ln -s /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/ioncube.ini /etc/php/7.2/cli/conf.d/01-ioncube.ini

for Apache, run

ln -s /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/ioncube.ini /etc/php/7.2/apache2/conf.d/01-ioncube.ini
systemctl restart apache2

for php-fpm, run

ln -s /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/ioncube.ini /etc/php/7.2/fpm/conf.d/01-ioncube.ini
systemctl restart php7.2-fpm

October 18, 2018

Install Node.js on Ubuntu/Debian

To install Node.js on Ubuntu, first set up repository as per your version requirements.

For NodeJs v21.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_21.x | bash -

For NodeJs v20.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_20.x | bash -

For NodeJs v18.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | bash -

For NodeJs v17.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_17.x | bash -

For NodeJs v16.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | bash -

For NodeJs v15.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_15.x | bash -

For NodeJs v14.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | bash -

For NodeJs v12.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | bash -

For NodeJs v11.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_11.x | bash -

Node.js v10.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | bash -

Node.js v9.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_9.x | bash -

Node.js v8.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash -

Node.js v6.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | bash -

Now install node.js with

apt-get install -y nodejs

Install build-essential package

apt install -y build-essential

See Node.Js

October 12, 2018

AMD Ryzen 3 2200G on Ubuntu 18.04

New PC i have purchased have AMD Ryzen 3 2200G CPU. This come with Vega 8 iGPU.

If you boot Ubuntu 18.04 on this PC, it fail to boot with some graphics errors. To boot, you need to select advanced option, then recovery, once you get in the menu with differnt options, select continue. This will boot PC with out hardware acceleration.

You can also set “nomodeset” in /etc/default/grub

Find

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""

Replace with

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"

Now run

update-grub

But doing this disable hardware acceleration. Proper way is to install AMD drivers. You can use open source or AMD propritery, i dedided to go with AMD propritery drivers.

Install Latest Kernel

Support for Vega 8 iGPU only available in latest kernel. So you need to install latest kernel from ubuntu mainline.

Go to

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D

Find the latest kernel, it will be listed on top of the page. At the time of writing this post, it is “v4.19-rc5”

Click on this folder. You need to download 3 files with name generic for amd64 and install it.

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.19-rc5/linux-headers-4.19.0-041900rc5-generic_4.19.0-041900rc5.201809231830_amd64.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.19-rc5/linux-image-unsigned-4.19.0-041900rc5-generic_4.19.0-041900rc5.201809231830_amd64.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.19-rc5/linux-modules-4.19.0-041900rc5-generic_4.19.0-041900rc5.201809231830_amd64.deb

Install it with

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Install AMDGPU PRO driver

I don’t really know how to find latest driver from AMD site. It only lists Windows deivers. I had to use google to find link to latest AMD driver.

With some googling, i found a driver released on August 17th , 2018

https://www.amd.com/en/support/kb/release-notes/rn-prorad-lin-18-30

On this page, you have download links for differnt linux distributions, for Ubuntu, i run

wget https://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/ubuntu/18.04/amdgpu-pro-18.30-641594.tar.xz
tar xvf amdgpu-pro-18.30-641594.tar.xz
cd amdgpu-pro-18.30-641594
./amdgpu-pro-install

amdgpu-pro-install is actually a symlink to amdgpu-install, but you should run “amdgpu-pro-install” to install the driver as it will run amdgpu-install with –pro switch.

Now reboot your PC, your iGPU will work.

Before installing new kernel, glxinfo reported following

boby@ok-pc-01:~$ glxinfo | grep -i opengl
OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: llvmpipe (LLVM 6.0, 128 bits)
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 18.1.0-rc4
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.1 Mesa 18.1.0-rc4
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.40
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.0 Mesa 18.1.0-rc4
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.00
OpenGL ES profile extensions:
boby@ok-pc-01:~$

After install new kernel and AMDGPU Pro driver, i have

boby@ok-pc-01:~$ glxinfo | grep -i opengl
OpenGL vendor string: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: AMD Radeon Graphics
OpenGL core profile version string: 4.6.13536 Core Profile Context
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.50
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 4.5.13536 Compatibility Profile Context
OpenGL shading language version string: 4.50
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL profile mask: compatibility profile
OpenGL extensions:
OpenGL ES profile version string: 4.5.13536 Compatibility Profile Context
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: 4.50
OpenGL ES profile extensions:
boby@ok-pc-01:~$

With latest mainline kernal (no AMDGPU PRO)

boby@ok-pc-01:~$ glxinfo | grep -i opengl
OpenGL vendor string: X.Org
OpenGL renderer string: AMD RAVEN (DRM 3.27.0 / 4.19.0-041900rc6-generic, LLVM 6.0.0)
OpenGL core profile version string: 4.5 (Core Profile) Mesa 18.0.5
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.50
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 18.0.5
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.1 Mesa 18.0.5
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.10
OpenGL ES profile extensions:
boby@ok-pc-01:~$

If you don’t install newer kernel, amdgpu-pro-install install will FAIL, i get some segmentation fault.

September 30, 2018

Apache AH00144: couldn’t grab the accept mutex

On Ubuntu 18.04 server, apache crashed. On checking apache error log, found following

[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.625927 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 2378] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.626990 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 1227] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.628515 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 1211] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.628693 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 1309] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.629122 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 2387] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.629319 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 1603] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.629483 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 1637] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:24.629659 2018] [mpm_prefork:emerg] [pid 1566] (43)Identifier removed: AH00144: couldn't grab the accept mutex
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:25.366503 2018] [core:alert] [pid 990] AH00050: Child 1211 returned a Fatal error... Apache is exiting!
[Mon Aug 13 23:19:25.366568 2018] [:emerg] [pid 990] AH02818: MPM run failed, exiting

To fix the error, edit file

vi /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Find

#Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default

Replace with

Mutex posixsem

Restart Apache

service apache2 restart

See Apache

August 17, 2018

Ubuntu 18.04 Remove Trash Icon from Desktop

First find the Trash related settings with gsettings command.

boby@ok-pc-01:~$ gsettings  list-recursively | grep -i trash
org.gnome.gedit.plugins.filebrowser.nautilus confirm-trash true
org.gnome.desktop.privacy remove-old-trash-files false
org.gnome.eog.ui disable-trash-confirmation false
org.gnome.nautilus.preferences confirm-trash true
org.gnome.nautilus.preferences show-move-to-trash-shortcut-changed-dialog true
org.gnome.DejaDup exclude-list ['$TRASH', '$DOWNLOAD']
org.gnome.nautilus.desktop trash-icon-name 'Trash'
org.gnome.nautilus.desktop trash-icon-visible true
boby@ok-pc-01:~$

To disable the Trash Icon on desktop, run

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.desktop trash-icon-visible false

Method 2

If you have gnome tweaks tool installed, go to Desktop, you have option to disable Trash Icon.

See Ubuntu 18.04

July 7, 2018

Enable Hot Corner in Ubuntu 18.04
Hot Corner is a Gnome Feature that allows you to see all open windows (same as clicking Super key or clicking on Activites) by moving mouse to top left corner.

To see if hot corner is enabled or disabled, run
```
gsettings get org.gnome.shell enable-hot-corners
```
To enable hot corner, run
```
gsettings set org.gnome.shell enable-hot-corners true
```
EDIT: After using enable hot corner for a day, i found my mouse reach this corner accidetly multiple times. Seeing activites page unexpectedly when you want someting else is confusing. For Ubuntu, it is better to keep it disabled.

To disable, run
```
gsettings set org.gnome.shell enable-hot-corners false
```
See Ubuntu 18.04
June 19, 2018
Ubuntu 18.04
June 13, 2018
Separate Google Hangout icon in Ubuntu 18.04/20.04
On Ubuntu 18.04/20.4, when you install google hangout plugin in google chrome, it shows samne as Google Chrome Icon. It act like you have opened 2 windows, it is hard to switch between as every time you click on Google chrome icon in side bar, it ask you to select which window to switch to.

On Ubuntu 16.04, it shows same icon, but windows won’t combine in side bar, so you can click them seperately. To make Hangout show differnt icon in Ubuntu 18.04, first find ID of Google Hangout plugin. Go to Menu > More Tools > Extensions.

You need to enable “Developer mode” to see Extension ID, this can be done on extension page top-right side.

In this cause, we found ID of Google Hangout Extension as “nckgahadagoaajjgafhacjanaoiihapd”. This can change, so always find ID of extension you have installed.

Now create a file (make sure you replace GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID with ID you found in step above).
```
vi ~/.local/share/applications/chrome-GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID-Default.desktop
```
Add following to the file
```
#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Name=Gmail
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --profile-directory=Default --app-id=GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID
Icon=chrome-GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID-Default
NoDisplay=true
StartupWMClass=crx_GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID
```
Save and exit. Here is what i have on my computer.
```
boby@ok-pc-01:~$ cat ~/.local/share/applications/chrome-nckgahadagoaajjgafhacjanaoiihapd-Default.desktop
#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Name=Gmail
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --profile-directory=Default --app-id=nckgahadagoaajjgafhacjanaoiihapd
Icon=chrome-nckgahadagoaajjgafhacjanaoiihapd-Default
NoDisplay=true
StartupWMClass=crx_nckgahadagoaajjgafhacjanaoiihapd
boby@ok-pc-01:~$ 
```
Now if you start Google Hangout, it will show as differnt application. But Hangout won’t show generic icon.

To get hangout show proper icon, right click and save following icon file

Rename it as “chrome-GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID-Default.png”. Make sure to replace “GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID” with your actial plugin id. In my case, the name of the file is “chrome-nckgahadagoaajjgafhacjanaoiihapd-Default.png”

Put the icon file in following location.
```
~/.local/share/icons/hicolor/128x128/apps/chrome-GOOGLE_HANGOUT_PLUGIN_ID-Default.png
```
Now restart your computer or restart Gnome Shell, you will have new shiny icon for google hangout.

See Ubuntu 18.04
June 13, 2018
Enable Native Notification in Google Chrome
UPDATE: Google Chrome have this option removed now. But you still can manually enable it by editing config file. See Disable Native Notification on Google Chrome Ubuntu

To enable/disable native notification in Google chrome, go to
```
chrome://flags/#enable-native-notifications
```
Once native notification is enabled/disabled, you will be asked to restart browser.

On Ubuntu 18.04, i disable Native Notification as it is buggy, come can’t control how long notification shown if you use native notification. With chrome provided notification, you can use javascript to disable notification after predefined time. On Ubuntu 16.04, native notification is disabled by default.

Chrome
June 13, 2018
Install x2Go Client in Ubuntu
x2go client is available in Ubuntu repoitory. To install, run
```
apt install x2goclient
```
Here are some useful shortcuts
- Ctrl + Alt + F = Switch between full screen and window mode
- Ctrl + Alt + arrow keys = change view port.
x2go
June 12, 2018
Install Unity Desktop in Ubuntu 18.04
After installing Ubuntu 18.04, i have several small issues with new Gnome desktop, most of it i solved with plugins. But i decided to switch back to Unity desktop as for a while until i am ready to Gnome desktop.

To install Unity Desktop in Ubuntu 18.04, run
```
sudo apt install ubuntu-unity-desktop
```
You will be asked to select display manager. Select lightdm.

To make it look like Ubuntu 16.04, i copied old wallpaper used by Ubuntu 16.04
```
sudo cp /backup/backup-os/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png /usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png
```
June 9, 2018
Things to do after installing Ubuntu 18.04
Today i installed Ubuntu 18.04. Ubuntu 18.04 use GNOME desktop instead of Unity Desktop. I like some of the new features, but missed some feeatured i am used to in Ubuntu 16.04. First thing i notice was i can’t easy change sound output device like in Ubuntu 16.04, i expected Ubuntu 18.04 made it easier. But after spending some time, i found out i can customize Gnome to make it work like i need.

Show date in top bar

I want to show date along with time in top bar. To enable this, you need to install gnome-tweek-tool.
```
sudo  apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool
```
Now start gnome tweak tool, this is available as Tweaks

Go to Tweaks > Top Bar. Under clock, set “Date” to On.

Now you will see full date along with time.

Set time 12 Hour format

By default Ubuntu 18.04 show time in 24 hour format. I prefer 12 hour format with AM/PM.

Click on Power button, select Settings.

Go to Details > Date & Time

Gnome Shell Extensions

You can customise how GNOME work by installing extensions. This is just like google chrome/firefox extensions. Installing is easy.

First run
```
sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions chrome-gnome-shell
```
Now open your web browser, visit

https://extensions.gnome.org

This will ask you to install a browser plugin, so you can install Gnome Extensions easily from the browser itself.

For Firefox, install plugin

https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/gnome-shell-integration/

Create an account in Gnome.org, so you can manage your extensions.

Here is some of the Gnome Extensions i installed.

Unite

Unite make your Gnome Top bar like Unity. Date get moved to right side. Also application close buttons merge with top bar like in Ubunty. This save from top space. This is highly recommended if you are a Unity user switching to Gnome.

You can install it from

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1287/unite/

Sound Input & Output Device Chooser

This Gnome Extension allow you to easily switch sound devices.

You can get it from

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/906/sound-output-device-chooser/

Remove Totem

Ubuntu come with Torem video player. I perfer VLC. Remove Totem and install VLC with
```
sudo apt remove --purge totem
sudo apt install -y vlc
```
June 8, 2018