To forward all requests from port 80 to port 8080, run
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080Here is another command that specify network interface and forward traffic on port 80 to port 5000
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 5000Back to iptables
ASTPP is a Open Source VoIP Billing Solution for Freeswitch. It supports prepaid and postpaid billing with call rating and credit control.
To install ASTPP on CentOS 7, run
wget --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/iNextrix/ASTPP/v4.0.1/install.sh -O install.sh chmod +x install.sh ./install.sh
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Caddy is used to serving videos on https://odysee.com, it is a block-chain based video service with no censoring.
Install Caddy Web Server
Install Caddy Webserver on CentOS 7
How to Use Caddy as a Reverse Proxy
Caddy is a light weight web server written in golang. Caddy auto generate SSL for your web site using LetsEncrypt and support HTTP/2.
To instal Caddy, download latest Caddy release from github
https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/releases/
At the time of this post, 1.3 is latest stable release, to install it, run
cd /usr/local/src wget https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/releases/download/v2.4.6/caddy_2.4.6_linux_amd64.tar.gz tar xvf caddy_2.4.6_linux_amd64.tar.gz cp /usr/local/src/caddy /usr/local/bin chown root:root /usr/local/bin/caddy chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/caddy
Make caddy listen to privilage ports 80 and 443
setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' /usr/local/bin/caddy
If you don’t have a system user for caddy to run as, create one
groupadd -g 33 www-data useradd -g www-data --no-user-group --home-dir /var/www --no-create-home --shell /usr/sbin/nologin --system --uid 33 www-data
Create config folder for caddy
mkdir /etc/caddy chown -R root:root /etc/caddy mkdir /etc/ssl/caddy chown -R root:www-data /etc/ssl/caddy chmod 0770 /etc/ssl/caddy
Create Caddy config file
vi /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
Add
lab.serverok.in {
root /var/www/html
}
Replace lab.serverok.in with whatever domain you need to host.
Create service file for caddy
vi /etc/systemd/system/caddy.service
Add following
[Unit] Description=Caddy Documentation=https://caddyserver.com/docs/ After=network.target network-online.target Requires=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify User=caddy Group=caddy ExecStart=/usr/bin/caddy run --environ --config /etc/caddy/Caddyfile ExecReload=/usr/bin/caddy reload --config /etc/caddy/Caddyfile TimeoutStopSec=5s LimitNOFILE=1048576 LimitNPROC=512 PrivateTmp=true ProtectSystem=full AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
Set permission
chown root:root /etc/systemd/system/caddy.service chmod 644 /etc/systemd/system/caddy.service systemctl daemon-reload
Start caddy with
systemctl start caddy
Enable caddy start on boot
systemctl enable caddy
When using curl linux command line tool, to set user agent, run
curl --user-agent "USER_AGENT_HERE" URL_HERE
You can also use
curl -A "USER_AGENT_HERE" URL_HERE
By changing user agent, you can view a site as google bot, check Fetch as Google with curl
Back to curl
phpMyAdmin configuration file is config.inc.php located in phpMyAdmin install folder.
To enable connecting to arbitary Server, add
$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer'] = true;
This will allow you to enter server IP or hostname to connect to.
To add connecting to differnt predefined servers, you can add following to end of config.inc.php
$i++; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'database-1.abxfzy3gt.us-east-2.rds.amazonaws.com'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['port'] = '3306'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['user'] = 'root'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['password'] = 'yoursecretpassword'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysqli'; $cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'config';
Repeat this for any number of MySQL servers you need to connect.
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iostat – Report Central Processing Unit (CPU) statistics and input/output statistics for devices and partitions.
The iostat command is used for monitoring system input/output device loading by observing the time the devices are active in relation to their average transfer rates. The iostat command generates reports that can be used to change system configuration to better balance the input/output load between physical disks.
The first report generated by the iostat command provides statistics concerning the time since the system was booted. Each subsequent report covers the time since the previous report. All statistics are reported each time the iostat command is run. The report consists of a CPU header row followed by a row of CPU statistics. On multiprocessor systems, CPU statistics are calculated system-wide as averages among all processors. A device header row is displayed followed by a line of statistics for each device that is configured.
The interval parameter specifies the amount of time in seconds between each report. The first report contains statistics for the time since system startup (boot). Each subsequent report contains statistics collected during the interval since the previous report. The count parameter can be specified in conjunction with the interval parameter. If the count parameter is specified, the value of count determines the number of reports generated at interval seconds apart. If the interval parameter is specified without the count parameter, the iostat command generates reports continuously.
iostat is part of sysstat package. To install on Debian/Ubuntu, run
apt install sysstat
To enable sysstat to collect data, edit file
vi /etc/default/sysstat
Find
ENABLED="false"
Replace with
ENABLED="true"
To see current IO Usage, run
iostat
To show information in one line, run
iostat -xkd 2 5
The number 2 is to print stats every 2 seconds. 5 is to print the stats 5 times.
Other iostat options
iostat -x iostat -x 2 5
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By default, Plesk store backups in folder /var/lib/psa/dumps/. To move this to a differnt partition or directory, create a folder
mkdir /backup chown psaadm:psaadm /backup chmod 750 /backup
Edit file
vi /etc/psa/psa.conf
Find
DUMP_D /var/lib/psa/dumps
Replace with
DUMP_D /backup
Move old backup to new location
rsync -avzP /var/lib/psa/dumps/ /backup/
Remove old backup directory, here i rename it to dumps-old, you can delete it.
cd /var/lib/psa mv dumps dumps-old ln -s /backup dumps
Restart Plesk
service sw-cp-server restart
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EDIT 2022-06-20: Cpanel completely removed support for PHP 5.6, so this method no longer works on AlmaLinux 8. If you need PHP 5.6, the best solution is to use CloudLinux, which provides support for older PHP versions. CloudLinux is a popular Linux distro used by many shared hosting providers as it allows for better security and isolates each website to its own virtual file system. You can find more information on cloudlinux at
https://www.cloudlinux.com/os-shared/
Cpanel have removed PHP 7.0 and older version from newer cpanel installations. Existing servers with older version of PHP will continue working.
https://blog.cpanel.com/removal-of-php-5-6-and-php-7-0-in-easyapache-profiles/
If you have a new cpanel server, but required older PHP version for some of your site to work, you can download EasyApache 4 profile from another server and upload to your server and provision it to get older PHP version.
I have EA4 profile with Older PHP version available at
https://gist.githubusercontent.com/serverok/ba144b7f04f0602a369406d7d400c87d
To install, run following commands as root
cd /etc/cpanel/ea4/profiles/custom curl -s https://gist.githubusercontent.com/serverok/ba144b7f04f0602a369406d7d400c87d/raw -o serverok-all-php.json
Or save content of gist https://gist.github.com/serverok/ba97370b3184b480e29cf22c89dc69c3 as serverok-all-php.json, then upload it at
WHM > EasyApache 4 > Upload a profile
Now login to WHM > EasyApache 4, you will see
Click on “Provision” to install older PHP versions.
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EasyApache
Reinstall EasyApache4
CloudLinux EasyApache 4 Profile Missing
Cpanel Server
On Cpanel server with KernelCare installed, i keep getting email
This is because the kernel is not yet supported by kernalcare. Since this kernal is provided by CloudLinux, you don’t have to worry. CloudLinux support said they do add support for KernelCare after 3 to 4 days of releasing new kernel.
To disable this warning, edit file
vi /etc/sysconfig/kcare/kcare.conf
Add
IGNORE_UNKNOWN_KERNEL=True
You can find more KernelCare options at
https://docs.kernelcare.com/config-options/
You can always check if KernelCare supports your current kernel here:
http://patches.kernelcare.com/
KernelCare update kernel using cronjob in /etc/cron.d/kcare-cron
[root@ok cron.d]# cat kcare-cron 31 */4 * * * root /usr/bin/kcarectl -q --auto-update [root@ok cron.d]#
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Allow phpMyAdmin remote access on xampp
Restart Services in Xampp Linux
To auto start XAMPP on boot on Ubuntu, create file
vi /etc/systemd/system/xampp.service
Add following content
[Unit] Description=XAMPP auto start by ServerOk.in [Service] ExecStart=/opt/lampp/lampp start ExecStop=/opt/lampp/lampp stop Type=forking [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
Enable xampp with
systemctl enable xampp
start xampp
systemctl start xampp